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Helmet law: riders AND passengers, and how it is now enforced

Facts verified · 2026-07-11

Section 122 of the Road Traffic Act B.E. 2522 (1979) requires both the motorcycle driver and the passenger to wear a crash helmet, and separately forbids the driver from riding while a passenger is unhelmeted — the driver commits their own offence for an unhelmeted pillion. The only statutory exemptions are monks, novices, priests and followers of faiths wearing traditional head coverings, plus anyone exempted by ministerial regulation. Helmet standards and manner of wearing are set by ministerial regulation, so an unfastened or novelty helmet does not comply.

The penalty was raised by the Road Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565 (2022), in force 5 September 2022: riding or travelling without a helmet now carries a fine of up to 2,000 baht (it was 500 baht for decades, which is why old forum threads quote tiny figures). A helmet offence also deducts one point under the driving demerit system that started 9 January 2023.

On enforcement: the long-standing street reality of warnings and token fines has been deliberately ended. After a grace period of formal warnings, the Royal Thai Police moved to strict "catch and actually fine" enforcement of ten priority offences — helmets for driver and passenger among them — nationwide from 1 April 2026. Passengers are fined in their own right; the common belief that only the driver is liable is wrong.

Legal basis

Road Traffic Act B.E. 2522 (1979), s. 122; s. 148 as amended by Road Traffic Act (No. 13) B.E. 2565 (2022)

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Enforcement intensity still varies by province and by campaign period, and fine amounts within the statutory ceiling are set by police schedules that get revised.

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General information, not legal advice. Laws and practice change; for a decision that matters, confirm with the authority named in the sources or a licensed professional.

Helmet law: riders AND passengers, and how it is now enforced · Thaissistant